在VS Code中，C/C++调试器无法启动

编程语言 2026-07-11

我最近更新了VSCode（现在版本为1.112.0），突然发现我的C++项目再也无法启动调试器了。

我有一个launch.json，里面有一个调试配置（之前用起来就像魔法一样顺畅），但按F5时它却保持沉默。

            "name": "(gdb) Launch",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/projectXY",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": false,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ],
            "preLaunchTask": "build",
            "miDebuggerPath": "/usr/bin/gdb"

当我按cmake的调试符号时，它开始构建，但调试器似乎没有被启动：

[main] Building folder: /home/rasmus/Code/C++/projectXY/out/build/projectXY projectXY
[build] Starting build
[proc] Executing command: /usr/bin/cmake --build /home/rasmus/Code/C++/projectXY/out/build/projectXY --target projectXY --
[build] [100%] Built target projectXY
[driver] Build completed: 00:00:00.115
[build] Build finished with exit code 0
[proc] Executing command: /usr/bin/gdb --version

我可以在终端里运行 /usr/bin/gdb，但最后一列让我有点困惑。为什么cmake要调用 /usr/bin/gdb --version？这个命令不会启动调试器。

我刚刚启用了cmake的调试输出，它多给出了一些信息：

[proc] Executing command: /usr/bin/gdb --version
[cache] Reading CMake cache file /home/rasmus/Code/C++/projectXY/out/build/projectXY/CMakeCache.txt
[cache] Parsing CMake cache string
[main] Debug configuration from cache: {"type":"cppdbg","name":"Debug projectXY","request":"launch","cwd":"/home/rasmus/Code/C++/projectXY/out/build/projectXY","args":[],"MIMode":"gdb","miDebuggerPath":"/usr/bin/gdb","setupCommands":[{"description":"Enable pretty-printing for gdb","text":"-enable-pretty-printing","ignoreFailures":true}],"program":"/home/rasmus/Code/C++/projectXY/out/build/projectXY/projectXY"}
[main] Starting debugger with following configuration. {"workspace":"file:///home/rasmus/Code/C%2B%2B/projectXY","config":{"type":"cppdbg","name":"Debug projectXY","request":"launch","cwd":"/home/rasmus/Code/C++/projectXY/out/build/projectXY","args":[],"MIMode":"gdb","miDebuggerPath":"/usr/bin/gdb","setupCommands":[{"description":"Enable pretty-printing for gdb","text":"-enable-pretty-printing","ignoreFailures":true}],"program":"/home/rasmus/Code/C++/projectXY/out/build/projectXY/projectXY","environment":[{"name":"CHROME_DESKTOP","value":"code.desktop"},{"name":"CLUTTER_DISABLE_MIPMAPPED_TEXT","value":"1"},{"name":"DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS","value":"unix:path=/run/user/1000/bus"},{"name":"DEBUGINFOD_URLS","value":"https://debuginfod.ubuntu.com "},{"name":"DESKTOP_SESSION","value":"ubuntu"},{"name":"DISPLAY","value":":1"},{"name":"ELECTRON_NO_ATTACH_CONSOLE","value":"1"},...]}}

但这在我看来仍然没问题。那为什么调试器没有启动？

[Edit] 看2-CMakeBuild.log文件时还发现一件事。构建并启动调试器之后（见上文），有一行信息是：

[rollbar] Unhandled exception: Unhandled Promise rejection: debugTarget Canceled: Canceled {}

也许就是元凶；我该如何解决？没有调试器我就束手无策。

解决方案

将VSCode降级到1.110.1版本后，问题就消失了。

来自微软的回应：

这是在较新版本的VSCode（1.111.x/1.112.x）中已知的回归问题，影响：CMake Tools扩展、C/C++调试适配器（cppdbg）调试会话的生命周期。

内部发生的情况是：CMake触发调试会话。VSCode启动调试适配器。调试会话在附加/启动完成之前就被取消。没有UI错误 -> 看起来像“什么都没发生”。这与错误匹配：debugTarget Canceled。这不是配置问题，也不是启动的问题。

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