为什么我用Python代码访问SteamGifts时，SteamGifts会返回403状态码？

前端开发 2026-07-12

下面是Python代码

import httpx

url = "https://www.steamgifts.com/"
headers = {
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:147.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/147.0",
    "Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8",
    "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,zh-TW;q=0.8,zh-HK;q=0.7,en-US;q=0.6,en;q=0.5",
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br, zstd",
    "DNT": "1",
    "Sec-GPC": "1",
    "Connection": "keep-alive",
    "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests": "1",
    "Sec-Fetch-Dest": "document",
    "Sec-Fetch-Mode": "navigate",
    "Host": "www.steamgifts.com",
    "Sec-Fetch-Site": "none",
    "Priority": "u=0, i",
    "Sec-Fetch-User": "?1",
    "TE": "trailers",
}
client = httpx.Client(http2=True, cookies=cookie_io.load())
response = client.get(url, headers=headers)
print(f"Responnse code: {response.status_code}")

我把来自Firefox浏览器的请求头和Cookies复制到了我的Python代码中，并使用HTTP/2。

为什么SteamGifts会返回403响应？

解决方案

这个问题最有可能的原因是TLS指纹识别。你的 httpx 客户端的指纹信息与Firefox不同。Cloudflare通常会检查你的细节，如加密套件、扩展的顺序、椭圆曲线等，并且可以判断这并非真实的浏览器。

你可以使用一个名为 curl_cffi 的库来解决这个问题，从而返回200。

from curl_cffi import requests

response = requests.get(
    "https://www.steamgifts.com/",
    impersonate="firefox",
    cookies={}  # or pass your actual cookies here
)

print(response.status_code)

Python