Apache Camel Spring Boot应用的原生可执行文件异常

后端开发 2026-07-12

我想研究一个简单的Apache Camel Spring Boot演示应用，它把一个目录里的文件移动到另一个目录，该应用在原生镜像中运行。

虽然JVM构建运行正常（mvn spring-boot:run），原生构建（mvn native:compile -Pnative）也完成得很顺利，但当我运行可执行文件时，却遇到了一个异常。

这是我在尝试运行可执行文件时得到的异常

Related cause:
org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'org.apache.camel.component.xslt.springboot.XsltComponentAutoConfiguration': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 0: Error creating bean with name 'camelContext': Requested bean is currently in creation: Is there an unresolvable circular reference or an asynchronous initialization dependency?
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.aot.BeanInstanceSupplier.resolveAutowiredArgument(BeanInstanceSupplier.java:341)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.aot.BeanInstanceSupplier.resolveArguments(BeanInstanceSupplier.java:262)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.aot.BeanInstanceSupplier.get(BeanInstanceSupplier.java:198)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.InstanceSupplier$1.get(InstanceSupplier.java:83)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.obtainInstanceFromSupplier(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1024)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.obtainFromSupplier(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1246)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1189)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:565)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:525)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:371)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:331)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:201)
        at org.apache.camel.component.xslt.springboot.XsltComponentAutoConfiguration__BeanDefinitions.lambda$getConfigureXsltComponentInstanceSupplier$0(XsltComponentAutoConfiguration__BeanDefinitions.java:42)
        at org.springframework.util.function.ThrowingFunction.apply(ThrowingFunction.java:63)
        at org.springframework.util.function.ThrowingFunction.apply(ThrowingFunction.java:51)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.aot.BeanInstanceSupplier.lambda$get$0(BeanInstanceSupplier.java:194)
        at org.springframework.util.function.ThrowingSupplier.get(ThrowingSupplier.java:58)
        at org.springframework.util.function.ThrowingSupplier.get(ThrowingSupplier.java:46)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.aot.BeanInstanceSupplier.invokeBeanSupplier(BeanInstanceSupplier.java:231)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.aot.BeanInstanceSupplier.get(BeanInstanceSupplier.java:194)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.obtainInstanceFromSupplier(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1024)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.obtainFromSupplier(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1246)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1189)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:565)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:525)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:371)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:331)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:201)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeansOfType(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:740)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeansOfType(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:728)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBeansOfType(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1449)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryUtils.beansOfTypeIncludingAncestors(BeanFactoryUtils.java:326)
        at org.apache.camel.spring.spi.ApplicationContextBeanRepository.findByTypeWithName(ApplicationContextBeanRepository.java:84)
        at org.apache.camel.spring.spi.ApplicationContextBeanRepository.findByType(ApplicationContextBeanRepository.java:78)
        at org.apache.camel.support.DefaultRegistry.findByType(DefaultRegistry.java:403)
        at org.apache.camel.impl.engine.CustomizersLifecycleStrategy.onComponentAdd(CustomizersLifecycleStrategy.java:49)
        at org.apache.camel.impl.engine.AbstractCamelContext.postInitComponent(AbstractCamelContext.java:504)
        at org.apache.camel.impl.engine.AbstractCamelContext.addComponent(AbstractCamelContext.java:499)
        at org.apache.camel.spring.SpringCamelContext.doBuild(SpringCamelContext.java:113)
        at org.apache.camel.support.service.BaseService.build(BaseService.java:64)
        at org.apache.camel.spring.boot.CamelAutoConfiguration.doConfigureCamelContext(CamelAutoConfiguration.java:135)
        at org.apache.camel.spring.boot.CamelAutoConfiguration.camelContext(CamelAutoConfiguration.java:119)
        at org.apache.camel.spring.boot.CamelAutoConfiguration__BeanDefinitions.lambda$getCamelContextInstanceSupplier$0(CamelAutoConfiguration__BeanDefinitions.java:39)
        at org.springframework.util.function.ThrowingBiFunction.apply(ThrowingBiFunction.java:68)
        at org.springframework.util.function.ThrowingBiFunction.apply(ThrowingBiFunction.java:54)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.aot.BeanInstanceSupplier.lambda$get$1(BeanInstanceSupplier.java:200)
        at org.springframework.util.function.ThrowingSupplier.get(ThrowingSupplier.java:58)
        at org.springframework.util.function.ThrowingSupplier.get(ThrowingSupplier.java:46)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.aot.BeanInstanceSupplier.invokeBeanSupplier(BeanInstanceSupplier.java:231)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.aot.BeanInstanceSupplier.get(BeanInstanceSupplier.java:200)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.obtainInstanceFromSupplier(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1024)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.obtainFromSupplier(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1246)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1189)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:565)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:525)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:371)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:331)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:201)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeansOfType(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:740)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeansOfType(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:728)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBeansOfType(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1449)
        at org.apache.camel.spring.spi.CamelBeanPostProcessor$1.getOrLookupCamelContext(CamelBeanPostProcessor.java:74)
        at org.apache.camel.impl.engine.DefaultCamelBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(DefaultCamelBeanPostProcessor.java:140)
        at org.apache.camel.spring.spi.CamelBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(CamelBeanPostProcessor.java:176)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:426)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1809)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:603)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:525)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:371)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:331)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:196)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.instantiateSingleton(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1218)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingleton(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1184)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1121)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:994)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:621)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:756)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:445)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:321)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1365)
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1354)
        at com.example.move.files.MoveFilesSpringBootApplication.main(MoveFilesSpringBootApplication.java:10)
        at [email protected]/java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$DMH/sa346b79c.invokeStaticInit(LambdaForm$DMH)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCurrentlyInCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'camelContext': Requested bean is currently in creation: Is there an unresolvable circular reference or an asynchronous initialization dependency?
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.beforeSingletonCreation(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:541)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:310)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:331)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:201)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:229)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1762)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1651)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:912)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RegisteredBean.resolveAutowiredArgument(RegisteredBean.java:251)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.aot.BeanInstanceSupplier.resolveAutowiredArgument(BeanInstanceSupplier.java:338)
        ... 86 more

这是pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>4.0.3</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>move-files</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>move-files</name>
    <description>Demo project for Camel in Spring Boot</description>
    <url/>
    <licenses>
        <license/>
    </licenses>
    <developers>
        <developer/>
    </developers>
    <scm>
        <connection/>
        <developerConnection/>
        <tag/>
        <url/>
    </scm>
    <properties>
        <java.version>25</java.version>
        <camel.version>4.18.0</camel.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!-- Camel BOM -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.camel.springboot</groupId>
                <artifactId>camel-spring-boot-bom</artifactId>
                <version>${camel.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- Camel Starter -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.camel.springboot</groupId>
            <artifactId>camel-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.camel.springboot</groupId>
            <artifactId>camel-file-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.graalvm.buildtools</groupId>
                <artifactId>native-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

这是主类

package com.example.move.files;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class MoveFilesSpringBootApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(MoveFilesSpringBootApplication.class, args);
    }

}

这是路由

package com.example.move.files;

import org.apache.camel.builder.RouteBuilder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class MoveFilesRoute extends RouteBuilder{

  @Override
  public void configure() throws Exception {
    from("file:./src/main/resources/inputFiles/")
      .to("file:./src/main/resources/outputFiles/");
  }

}

这是application.yaml文件

spring:
  application:
    name: move-files-spring-boot-application

camel:
  main:
    run-controller: true

mvn --version

Apache Maven 3.9.12 (848fbb4bf2d427b72bdb2471c22fced7ebd9a7a1)
Maven home: C:\Users\fesa\scoop\apps\maven\current
Java version: 25.0.2, vendor: GraalVM Community, runtime: C:\Users\fesa\scoop\apps\graalvm25\current
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "windows 11", version: "10.0", arch: "amd64", family: "windows"

gcc --version

gcc.exe (Rev11, Built by MSYS2 project) 15.2.0
Copyright (C) 2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

已安装用于x86/x64的 MSVC工具集（最新版）以及Windows 11 SDK（10.0.26100.7705）。

同一个应用移植到Quarkus在原生模式下编译并能正常运行。

我哪里出错了？

解决方案

我读过Apache Camel 4.18的 What's New博客。

在Roadmap（路线图）部分提到，下一次发行版本4.19的目标是迁移到Spring Boot v4。

因此，在我的pom.xml中，我将对Spring Boot版本的引用降级到3.5.11，一切都正常工作。

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